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How to Cite This Material

How to Cite This Material By Wayne Martin Mellinger, Ph.D. Ideas grow through conversation. If an essay on this site contributes to your writing, teaching, research, or public discussion, please acknowledge that contribution and help your readers find the original. You can cite an online essay even when it has not appeared in a journal or book. The essential information A useful citation identifies the author, the essay’s title, the name of the blog or website, the publication date, and the direct link to the essay. Please use Wayne Martin Mellinger as my author name. Academic degrees such as “Ph.D.” generally do not belong in a citation. For an informal bibliography, newsletter, or reading list, use this straightforward template: Mellinger, Wayne Martin. “Title of Essay.” Name of Blog or Website , publication date. Direct URL. Replace each placeholder with the information from the essay you are citing. Link to the individual article rather than the blog’s homepage, where newer posts ...

Doing Equality: The Interactional Accomplishment of Non-Hierarchical Social Organization

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Doing Equality: The Interactional Accomplishment of Non-Hierarchical Social Organization Wayne Martin Mellinger, Ph.D. · Oct 4, 2026 I. How Do We “Do Equality”? Nearly two decades ago, while teaching group dynamics at Antioch University Santa Barbara, I began asking a deceptively simple question: How do we “do equality”? The question emerged partly from dissatisfaction with the way social psychology and organizational studies conventionally approached leadership, decision-making, and group behavior. Much of the literature I was teaching treated hierarchy as an ordinary feature of organizations. There were leaders and followers, managers and workers, experts and clients, teachers and students. The interesting questions concerned which leadership styles worked best, how authority could be exercised effectively, or how groups could make better decisions. Less attention was given to a more radical possibility: What happens when people deliberately attempt to organize themselves without hie...